Economic Accounts Project. This page is for societies registered under the Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies Acts (Northern Ireland) 1969 and 1976 and the Credit Unions (Northern Ireland) Order 1985. NISRA is an Agency of the Department of Finance and Personnel.[33]. [31] There are seven motorways in Northern Ireland, extending radially from Belfast, and connecting that city to Antrim, Dungannon, Lisburn, Newtownabbey, and Portadown. Two back-up interconnectors have a combined capacity of 240 MW. Gary McDonald Enterprise Editor 09 April, 2021 01:00 ECONOMIC output in Northern Eire contracted 1.4 per cent over the past Northern Ireland's economy contracts again after record third quarter gains - Cryptocasting NIR connects Belfast Great Victoria Street and Lanyon Place to Antrim, Ballymena, Coleraine, Portrush, Derry along the Northern Corridor and the Belfast Suburban Rail network serves places near Belfast, along with the Enterprise (train service) connecting Lisburn, Portadown, Newry and across the border along the Dublin-Belfast railway line to Dublin Connolly. Most of the limited timber production, which accounts for a tiny fraction of employment and gross domestic product (GDP), occurs on state-owned lands. 6 of these deprived regions in Wales: Isle of Anglesey, Conwy & Denbighshire, South West Wales, Central Valleys, Gwent Valley, Powys. Northern Ireland has a currently expanding transport infrastructure with most infrastructure concentrated on Greater Belfast, Greater Derry and Craigavon. The shipyards in Belfast stumble from one threatened closure to the next. Investors recently have announced plans to begin fraccing of gas in Northern Ireland. Scotland is one other country that voted to stay in the EU (2). Since December 2005, Bord Gáis has supplied gas to residential customers in this area under the name firmus energy. 5 of these deprived regions in Scotland: Clackmannshire & Fife, East & Mid Lothian, East & West Dumbartonshire, East & North Ayrshire, Caithness Sutherland & Ross. Including Index of Services, Index of Production and Construction Output Statistics. The main power station is located at Ballylumford, and is operated by Premier Power. [citation needed] Gas for the Greater Belfast area is supplied via the Scotland-Northern Ireland pipeline (SNIP), a 24-inch-diameter (610 mm) interconnector pipeline. Northern Ireland's electrical grid is connected to that of the Republic of Ireland by three cross-border interconnectors. The idea has been given technical consideration since the 19th century, but, as of 2012, no major political party has advocated such a link, due to financial constraints. Of all sales, a mere 15% of goods are exported and 8.5% of services. Northern Ireland Railways (NIR) runs passenger trains and presently carries no freight though it is possible to carry freight. Scotland. Northern Ireland's economy contracts again after record third quarter gains The north's economy contracted by 1.4 per cent in the last three months of … There has been increasing development of marine farming, particularly for oysters. The complete South-North pipeline to Dublin opened in November 2007, passing Armagh, Banbridge, Craigavon and Newry. For a time the city produced a greater tonnage of shipping than any other port in the world. This combined all-island grid is connected to the National Grid on the island of Great Britain by the 500 MW Moyle interconnector, under the North Channel.[30]. Most of the agricultural land is held by the occupiers in fee simple, but there persists the peculiar feature of conacre, a system of short (11-month) lets, on a portion of the agricultural land. The deficit typically runs at a rate of £10 billion per annum which is more than one third of Northern Ireland's annual fiscal budget. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. A gas pipeline completed in 2006 runs from Dublin to Antrim, and another completed in 2004 connects Derry with a point near Carrickfergus. “Northern Ireland has much to gain from Brexit,” Hoey wrote. In the process, agriculture has become a relatively insignificant source of employment. Ultimately, the executives of multinational corporations have proved reluctant to establish branch plants in a part of the developed world that has become synonymous with political upheaval. The economy of Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four constituents of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland economy will return to pre-pandemic levels in second half of next year, Danske Bank report forecasts The economy will return to … ", "A united Ireland would be worse off than the Republic", "Post-Brexit Britain may not want to pay for Northern Ireland", The Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency, British Chambers of Commerce Quarterly Economic Survey, Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, Glasgow International Financial Services District, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Northern_Ireland&oldid=1013081280, Short description is different from Wikidata, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from February 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, €53 billion (nominal) / €47 billion (PPP), Services, construction, agriculture, public sector, This page was last edited on 19 March 2021, at 22:32. Northern Ireland is home to three civilian airports: Belfast City, Belfast International, and City of Derry. The Department for the Economy is responsible for the policy and legislative framework. In 1919 the Forestry Commission was established to develop policy, and afforestation efforts occurred throughout much of the 20th century. 1.1 million (20% of Scottish) live in these deprived Scottish districts. In 1957 the Irish government introduced internment without trial in response to an IRA campaign of attacks on British army and customs posts... Sheep grazing on the Antrim coast, Northern Ireland. Hence they have decided to keep open trade with Ireland rather than Great Britain. Although this trend was reversed somewhat by the outbreak of World War II, the structural weakness of Northern Irish manufacturing became increasingly apparent in the decades that followed. Compared with the rest of the United Kingdom, the economy of Northern Ireland has long suffered, largely a result of political and social turmoil. There are 26 areas in the UK where the GDP per person is under £14,500 (€20,000). The size of the deficit has been seen by some commentators as a possible impediment to the future reunification of Ireland. At the beginning of the 21st century, less than 5 percent of people in Northern Ireland earned a living from the land, though about three-fourths of the total land area was used for agriculture, forestry, and livestock. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, Gaelic Irish and Anglo-Normans (c. 600–c. In the early 21st century an electrical interconnector with Scotland was built to connect Northern Ireland to the European grid, and the interconnector with the grid in the Irish republic was restored. Prawns, cod, whiting, and herring are among the main catches. About two-thirds of the farmers are “working owners.”. In the mid 1960s the government offered inducements to multinational corporations to invest in Northern Ireland, but, while many foreign companies agreed to establish factories there, the new approach failed to stem the collapse of the manufacturing sector in the last decades of the century. Prior to independence there were great hopes that political autonomy would facilitate economic development, leading to an end to emigration. Principal crops include potatoes, barley, wheat, and oats; turnips are grown to feed livestock. Northern Ireland is the most peripheral region of the United Kingdom both geographically and politically and it is also the only region to share a land border with the EU. The production of grass seed and seed potatoes for export is also important. The Northern Ireland economy is likely to be worse affected by Brexit than economies in other UK regions. In addition to these existing links, several organisations have proposed a tunnel under the North Channel, with one possible site connecting the eastern part of Northern Ireland to Wigtownshire. The NICEI combines existing published quarterly indices (i.e. Indeed, many of the factories that drove Northern Ireland’s industrial economy at its height now stand idle or await conversion to luxury apartments. 1.1 million (60% of Northern Irish) live in these deprived Northern Irish districts. Since the oil price rises of the early 1970s, Western corporations have systematically closed factories in developed societies and transferred production to low-wage economies in the less-developed world. Indeed, in 2007 the Single Electricity Market (SEM) began operation, providing a single wholesale market for electricity for the whole island of Ireland. SSE Airtricity and firmus energy supply gas to the Greater Belfast area via Phoenix Natural Gas' network. Northern Ireland is heavily dependent on both Ireland and Great Britain for its trade. It also needs the UK and Irish governments to accept and adhere to their responsibilities as set out in the Agreement, because the Agreement is the roadmap to resolve Northern Ireland’s status as we move away from violence and toward peace. However, Northern Ireland has consistently run a trade deficit with its southern neighbour. To spur economic development, in the 1980s the British and Irish governments created the International Fund for Ireland, which disburses economic assistance to the entire island, with significant resources going to Northern Ireland. As it happened, progress in the South proved to be slow and difficult until the 1960s. The republic of Ireland is Northern Ireland’s primary external trading partner and its leading export market. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Second, the industrial collapse of Northern Ireland must be seen in the wider context of the reconstruction of the global economy. … more [34] This survey has information on the performance of Northern Irish businesses since 1989. Northern Ireland’s economy is closely bound to that of the rest of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland’s frequent rainfall, humidity, and prospect of wet harvests discourage arable farming, but local conditions produce good grass and rich pasture. Although historically the economic links between Northern Ireland and its closest neighbour, the republic of Ireland, were remarkably underdeveloped, trade between the two has grown substantially. The Northern Ireland economy is not very export oriented and those firms that do export may be disproportionately affected by … There is also Coolkeeragh power station in Greater Derry. In the decades before World War I, the Lagan valley formed with Merseyside and Clydeside a network that was the heart of the British imperial economy. Northern Ireland Railways could be extended by re-opening railway lines such as from Portadown to Armagh railway station in Armagh. During the 19th century the counties that would eventually form Northern Ireland underwent a rapid process of industrialization. Northern Ireland is not a globally linked economy. [35], 4.5 million (8.5% of English) live in these deprived English districts. 11 of these deprived regions in England: Durham, Northumberland, Greater Manchester North, Blackpool, Sefton, Wirral, Barnsley Doncaster Rotherham, South Nottinghamshire, Dudley, Outer London - East North East, Torbay, 1.4 million (45% of Welsh) live in these deprived Welsh districts. These include the British Chambers of Commerce Quarterly Economic Survey. Its trade dependence is below the rest of the UK. Before Ireland was partitioned in 1921, the six counties that were to become Northern Ireland were the powerhouse of the Irish economy. Various statistics regarding Northern Ireland’s economic output. NISRA has developed for the first time a balanced estimate of NI GDP and its component parts using an international standard approach. U.S. President Joe Biden should encourage the U.K. and European Union to ease frictions at the Irish border and prevent economic instability sparking a return of violence in Northern Ireland… Nearly all grassland is plowed, and there is little “rough grazing.” Mixed farming was traditionally universal, but there has been a considerable movement toward specialization. Compared with the rest of the United Kingdom, the economy of Northern Ireland has long suffered, largely a result of political … LEADERS in Northern Ireland came together on Thursday to condemn days of violent unrest stemming from the territory's pro-UK community, including a petrol-bomb attack on a moving bus. Read more at Leaders condemn 'deplorable' Northern Ireland unrest, Government & Economy - THE BUSINESS TIMES Comparatively, they are more dependent on Ireland. Nearly half the farms concentrate on sheep and beef, and about one-fifth specialize in dairying. The Northern Ireland economy "has entered or is entering recession" according to a survey by Ulster Bank. This poor rate of pr… Northern Ireland’s economy is closely bound to that of the rest of the United Kingdom. Inland, salmon and eel fishing is traditional, the latter concentrated where the River Bann leaves Lough Neagh. Alongside official national statistics a number of respected private sector surveys are used to understand how the economy is performing. Ocean fishing is more or less confined to the northern Irish Sea and is limited to trawlers that operate primarily from the ports of Kilkeel, Ardglass, and Portavogie. Northern Ireland Executive departments responsible for economic policy: Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency, Countries of the United Kingdom by GDP per capita, "NI economy shrinks in first quarter of 2018", Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment, "Ease of Doing Business in United Kingdom", "Statistical Press Release - Latest Labour Market Figures", Portrait of the Regions: Northern Ireland, "High-profile tourism campaign attracts million visitors to Northern Ireland", 2009-10 Northern Ireland Public Sector Pay and Workforce Technical Annex, "Comment: Addicted to state subvention, north will suffer when it's gone", "How dependent is Stormont on Westminster subvention? 3 of these in Northern Ireland: Outer Belfast, North of Northern Ireland, West & South of Northern Ireland. 1300), Power-sharing agreements and the establishment of a fragile peace, sheep grazing on the Antrim coast, Northern Ireland. The North-West pipeline from Carrickfergus in County Antrim to Derry opened in November 2004, and the South-North pipeline from Gormanston (in the Republic) to Antrim was opened in October 2006. As in other developed societies, the introduction of new technologies has accelerated a process of consolidation, and there are now fewer but substantially larger and more productive farms. NIR is owned by the people of Northern Ireland and has embarked upon significant investment on the Belfast-Derry railway line to upgrade the infrastructure between Belfast and Derry the largest cities in Northern Ireland. Like the economic life of many other developed countries, that of Northern Ireland has essentially become postindustrial. Northern Ireland has a total of 24,820 km (15,420 mi) of roads, or 1 km for each 68 people (1 mi for each 109 people), which is considerably more than in the United Kingdom as a whole (1 km per 162 people). Other major trading partners include Germany, France, the Netherlands, and the United States. Read more. Northern Ireland economy. Forestry is not an important industry in Northern Ireland, as much of the native forests were cleared by the end of the 19th century. October 2019. Positive employment and output figures for the Northern Ireland economy have given cause for cautious optimism but don’t fully mask the fact that Northern Ireland continues to suffer from a much slower rate of recovery than the UK and faces imminent disruption from Brexit. Although historically the economic links between Northern Ireland and its closest neighbour, the republic of Ireland, were remarkably underdeveloped, trade between the two has grown substantially. Ulster’s Economic Policy Centre continues to advise the government and industry about the economic consequences of Covid-19 on the Northern Ireland economy.. Economic consequences in Northern Ireland. Further information on the … Two principal factors are responsible for the deindustrialization of Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland has never needed better political leadership than it does right now. Belfast became the site of many linen mills, rope factories, and heavy engineering concerns. Northern Ireland economy 2019. To the south of Lough Neagh lies a rich orchard country, and apple growing and market gardening are constant features of the landscape. The Economic Implications of BREXIT for Northern Ireland Less than 1 percent of workers are employed in mining. Northern Ireland is not rich in minerals, and mining contributes little to the economy. Two thirds of Ireland’s manufacturing capacity was in the six counties, Belfast was Ireland’s largest city, and the economy was focused on high value manufacturing, unlike the largely agricultural economy in the rest of the island. While agriculture historically played an important part in the economy of Northern Ireland, its significance has declined greatly over recent decades. Hydroelectric resources are not significant, and peat is used as a domestic source of fuel. Northern Ireland previously had a traditionally industrial economy, most notably in shipbuilding, rope manufacture and textiles, but most heavy industry has since been replaced by services. While Northern Ireland voted against Brexit, Northern Ireland still faces the prospect of a serious negative impact on its local economy. The main interconnector, between Tandragee and Louth has a capacity of 1,200 MW. A Northern Ireland Task Force was created after the re-establishment of power-sharing in May 2007, and since annual and biannual action plans and strategy documents have been generated focusing on improving the region’s economy competitiveness and creating employment opportunities. Among the minerals found are basalt, limestone, chalk, clay, salt, and shale, and there is some iron ore, bauxite, and coal. In the other areas of Northern Ireland, specifically towards Derry City, gas comes from two interconnector pipelines, one being supplied by the Republic's gas supplier, Bord Gáis. Northern Ireland's economic output grew by a record 15.5% in the three months to last September, following a record 14% drop the previous quarter, according to official figures. Northern Ireland fiscal deficit is the amount by which the public expenditure in Northern Ireland exceeds the tax revenue collected in Northern Ireland. By the end of the century, about 200,000 acres (81,000 hectares) were forested, with about three-fourths of the woodland administered by the Forestry Service. First, the sustained political violence that overtook the region in the late 1960s has undermined local manufacturing. As well as demonstrating the feasibility of hydrogen production and use at scale in Northern Ireland, the report, which was funded by Northern Ireland’s Department for the Economy… The NISRA Northern Ireland Composite Economic Index (NICEI) is a quarterly measure of the performance of the Northern Ireland (NI) economy based on available official statistics. In the absence of sufficient job opportunities at home, substantial emigration continued and the population of the South went on declining until 1961. In terms of Airport rail link connections only Belfast City Airport is served by train from Sydenham station on the Bangor Line. The Port of Belfast is one of the chief ports of the United Kingdom, handling 17 million tonnes (16.7 million long tons) of goods in 2005,[32] equivalent to two-thirds of Northern Ireland's seaborne trade. At the beginning of the 20th century, with about 1 percent of the land forested, the government encouraged reforestation. h per person). There are also limited petroleum and natural gas reserves. Northern Ireland also receives economic assistance from the European Union. These statistics and research inform public policy and associated debate in the wider society. The Scotland to Northern Ireland Pipeline (SNIP) transmits natural gas, providing an important industrial and domestic energy source. Tensions in Northern Ireland boiled over into violence this week, with vehicles burned and more than 40 police officers injured. As a result, the bank has upgraded its forecasts for economic growth in Northern Ireland to 4.8% in 2021 and to 5.8% in 2022. Neither was there any progress in this period in closing the gap in living standards compared with the United Kingdom. The electricity grid throughout all of Ireland is operated as a single system, with separate control centers in Dublin and Belfast. Northern Ireland also underperforms economically as its GDP per capita (PPS) in 2017 was one of the lowest in the UK at €24,400 compared to the UK average of €31,700 (Eurostat, 2019) and the labour productivity in 2017 was 17% below the UK average (UK Office for National Statistics, 2019). The 20th century, in contrast, was marked by a slow though inexorable industrial decline. Major seaports in Northern Ireland include the Port of Belfast, the Derry Port and the Port of Larne. The Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) is the principal source of official statistics on Northern Ireland. According to Eurostat figures there are huge regional disparities in the UK with GDP per capita ranging from £11,000 (€15,000) in West Wales to £130,450 (€179,800) in Inner-London West. The Times wrote about Belfast's growing economy: "According to the region's development agency, throughout the 1990s Northern Ireland had the fastest-growing regional economy in the UK, with GDP increasing 1 per cent per annum faster than the rest of the country.

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