For more information on usage, please refer to our Terms of Use. The police were poorly equipped with shields that were much too small and their uniforms were not flameproof causing many of them to suffer severe burns from the Molotov cocktails. Residents of the Bogside retaliated by using slingshots to fire marbles and before long both sides were also hurling stones. Several RUC officers entered the Bogside to dismantle barricades but were driven back. Francis would become the first Catholic civilian killed in Northern Ireland’s troubles. After their failure to break through barricades in Derry, the police used armoured cars with machine guns to try to disperse the crowds Copyright: The content on this page may not be republished without our express permission. Belfast 2005 edition. They also set up "Radio Free Derry." It contains 192,305 words in 276 pages and was updated last on January 30th 2021. Terence O’Neill calls for an end to marches and violence (January 1969) The nationalist people were well aware of the fact that on 12th August, the Apprentice Boys of Derry, a loyal order, would demand and receive permission to walk through the city. Nationalists were incensed that the Northern Ireland government, now led by James Chichester-Clark, had banned marches organised by NICRA, People’s Democracy and other civil rights groups. Bogside residents responded by taunting the marchers – and the Apprentice Boys responded in kind. British troops entered Derry on August 14th, marking the beginning of Operation Banner. Rioting and violence were particularly severe in Belfast. Talk:Battle of the Bogside. Their optimistic outlook continued until Christmas 1969 when some British troops were showered with gifts. This led to the outbreak of a violent and bloody riot. The people of the Bogside, with their brothers and sisters from the rest of the city, and further afield, were there to stop them. Later the area was flooded with CS gas. Catholic groups and communities, already embittered by a strong sense of injustice, resolved to fiercely protect areas they considered to be theirs. Battle of the Bogside 'like a conveyor belt system making petrol bombs' The Troubles at 50: Rioting in Derry remembered by first-hand witnesses Tue, Aug 13, 2019, 01:00 The Battle of the Bogside was a very large communal riot that took place during 12–14 August 1969 in Derry, Northern Ireland. On the evening of August 12th, a contingent of ‘B-Specials’, the much-despised Special Constabulary, was deployed in the Bogside. Terence O’Neill: “Ulster stands at the crossroads” (December 1968) Timeline Battle of the Bogside • July 1969 – Derry Citizens' Defence Association (DCDA) established to defend Bogside and other nationalist areas of Derry. For more information, visit Alpha History or our Terms of Use. He also ordered ambulances to be stationed along the border with Northern Ireland. Many local people, however, joined in the rioting on their own initiative and impromptu leaders also emerged, such as Bernadette Devlin, Eamonn McCannand others. Video: Enda O'Dowd & … For their part, the RUC were using CS gas canisters which they used to flood the district but a soft wind would blow the gas back towards them. 5. NICRA’s decision to conduct marches and protests in late 1968 and early 1969, in defiance of government bans, caus… Guildhall Printing Press. On the 13th of August, the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, Jack Lynch sent Irish troops to the border areas to help provide medical aid and shelter for the wounded. rioting broke out on the night of August 13/14, and when the B Specials were deployed in Belfast many Catholics evacuated their homes fearing a pogrom – in Derry, the fighting had been mainly between police and Bogside residents, but in Belfast it became a battle between Catholics and Protestants with little police intervention. The fighting in Bogside erupted at a time when tensions were running high. Cameron Report on causes of disorder in Northern Ireland (September 1969). By the 14th of August fighting was beginning to break out in other parts of the north as young nationalists tried to divert RUC reinforcements away from Derry. 1997. Today marks the 50th anniversary of the “Battle of the Bogside” which helped resulted in the establi s hment of a substantial chunk of Derry, one of Ulster’s major cities, as a “no-go” area for Protestant reactionaries and the British Army that was sent to occupy the region for a substantial period of time. However, since their intervention was designed to stabilise the existing situation and protect the fundamentals of the prevailing political arrangements, this room was limited. Loyalists, in contrast, saw the civil rights movement as a front for radical Republicans and a threat to British sovereignty in Northern Ireland. Top 10: Battle of the bogside analysiert • Produkte unter der Lupe Battle of the bogside - Der absolute Testsieger . What began with insults and jibes quickly escalated into rock throwing and assaults. The RUC advanced with many loyalists coming behind them, pushing nationalists up William Street towards the Bogside. At the same time, the RUC had opened fire on a crowd of nationalists standing guard over St. Eugene’s Cathedral. Taunting between marchers and residents soon escalated into violence and rioting. The government responded by requesting support from British soldiers. Two days of rioting that became known as the Battle of Bogside (after the Catholic area in which the confrontation occurred) stemmed from the escalating clash between nationalists and the RUC, which was acting as a buffer between loyalist marchers and Catholic residents of the area. In the rest of the 6 counties, Belfast suffered the most with many having lost their homes and 5 Catholics and 2 Protestants were killed. In the aftermath of the battle of the Bogside, the nationalist people would see the despised corporation fall, they would also take pride in themselves knowing that they had stood up against discrimination and deprivation. Date published: September 3, 2020 One visible sign of this hardening of attitudes was the painting of the Lecky Road mural, “You are now entering Free Derry”, a reminder that the area was Nationalist. Publisher: Alpha History Loyalist parades, however, were allowed to continue. It ended with the direct intervention from Britain in the affairs of Northern Ireland. Arriving British soldiers were even greeted with cups of tea and hearty cheers from locals. Video, 00:04:02 The Battle of the Bogside that saw Army deployed The worst rioting occurred in Belfast, where Catholics and Loyalists traded blows, missiles and gunfire for several days. If the government and the police were not going to defend Northern Ireland’s Catholics then Catholics, it seemed, would have to defend themselves. They were not only in a different camp from the government; they also despised the local city council which was controlled by the unionists due to the worst case of gerrymandering of electoral wards ever experienced in the northern statelet. 4. The Falls curfew (July 1970) – a three-day British Army search-and-arrest operation in the Falls district of Belfast, where four civilians were shot dead – marked the end of the honeymoon between Catholic civilians and British soldiers. Petrol was procured in vast quantities (amounting to a minimum of a few thousand gallons), by every means from ordinary purchase (collections were taken throughout Bogside by local women) to theft and intimidation. They were deemed to be “customary” rather than political. While the British Army was non-sectarian and largely apolitical, its mission was to assist the Northern Ireland government to restore order – not to protect Catholics from the police or the government. This website on Northern Ireland and the Troubles is created and maintained by Alpha History. Many Catholics considered British soldiers more neutral and professional than either the RUC or the ‘B-Specials’. This only infuriated Nationalists further. Skilled frontman, Neil Hannon, indisputable talent for writing, arcane and witty personality, and his…, COPYRIGHT 2019 YourIrish.com | Made in Ireland. Penguin Books. BBC News: Police break up NICRA civil rights march in Derry (October 1968), Terence O’Neill: “Ulster stands at the crossroads” (December 1968), Bernadette Devlin on the Loyalist ambush at Burntollet (January 1969), Terence O’Neill calls for an end to marches and violence (January 1969), A joint communique on reforms in Northern Ireland (March 1969), BBC News: Police use tear gas in Bogside (August 1969), Britain’s Home Secretary promises reforms in Northern Ireland (August 1969), Cameron Report on causes of disorder in Northern Ireland (September 1969). The northern government next decided to bring in the notorious B-Specials to replenish the RUC. Pluto Classics. The RUC bombarded the area with almost 1,100 canisters of tear gas, a response that affected children, the elderly and the infirm more than the rioters themselves. He lets the pictures tell the story, and even then is able to step back and observe: 'I don't pretend they are a comprehensive record of the period; in exposure time they represent only three seconds in the three years they cover.' August 13, rioting broke out in west Belfast with Nationalist youths showing their solidarity with the demonstrators in Derry. Title: “The Battle of the Bogside” Following on from the Peoples Democracy march of 1st January 1969 from Belfast to Derry and the subsequent rioting in the Bogside and other towns in Northern Ireland, the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association and its supporters were openly condemned by the Government of Northern Ireland as being manipulated by communists, republicans and socialists. The RUC was inadequately equipped to cope with the escalating violence. The Catholics were armed with stones and petrol bombs, they raised barricades, the rooftops of the “high flats” were commandeered by the Bogside youths and from this advantage point, they rained petrol bombs and missiles upon the RUC invaders. NICRA hastily organised demonstrations in central Belfast, to draw police away from Derry. The following day RUC officers, under fire from snipers, fired a Browning machine-gun into the Divis flats, hitting and killing nine-year-old Patrick Rooney. On the 14th August, James Chichester Clarke, the Northern Irish Prime Minister was forced to request the British Prime Minister to send in the British Army. They also rejected Northern Ireland prime minister Terence O’Neill’spolitical reforms and housing allocation concessions, floated in 1968. The fighting and violence in Derry quickly spread to several other towns and cities in Northern Ireland. RUC officers were deployed to suppress the violence. The people of Derry had had enough. The sectarian violence in the Bogside soon spread to other parts of Northern Ireland. Screened on BBC4- March 2004, BBC2- July 2004, BBC NI- January 2008 . The ‘bogsiders’ would not yield an inch and fought them to exhaustion, all the time broadcasting to the world at large on Radio Free Derry. As was often the case in Northern Ireland, the flashpoint was a Protestant march. While the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) focused on the advancement of civil rights, many Unionists accused NICRA of being a front for Catholic and Republican groups. The Battle of Bogside Clive Limpkin took these photos between 1969 and 1972. Local youths climbed onto the roof o… 50 years ago: The Battle of the Bogside Fifty years ago today, British troops were sent into the North of Ireland, marking the start of the Troubles. A youth armed with Molotov cocktails keeps guard on top of a highrise flat in Derry. The annual Orange Order march in Portadown, for example, follows the same route used since 1807, even though this route now traverses Catholic residential areas. Many historians consider it the first significant confrontation of the Troubles. On entering the Bogside, both the RUC and the Loyalists were pelted with stones, projectiles and Molotov cocktails (homemade firebombs) and quickly driven back. BBC News: Police break up NICRA civil rights march in Derry (October 1968) The Derry Citizens Defence Association set up a headquarters in the house of Paddy Doherty in Westland Street and tried to supervise the making of petrol bombs and the positioning of barricades. These sectarian tensions needed only a flashpoint to erupt into violence. In Northern Ireland, marches have a long history of inciting trouble and, occasionally, violence. Part of their route would take them along the western wall of the city directly overlooking the Catholic Bogside. Of the 60 or so RUC officers who entered the Bogside, 43 were injured, some of them badly burned. Marches and parades are an important aspect of the country’s culture: they commemorate significant events in history and celebrate political and religious identity. As additional RUC units arrived, Bogside locals, fearing police baton charges, erected barricades using old furniture, wire and other scavenged materials. Die Betreiber dieses Portals haben uns dem Ziel angenommen, Produktvarianten verschiedenster Variante unter die Lupe zu nehmen, damit Sie unkompliziert den Battle of the bogside kaufen können, den Sie zuhause haben wollen. Irish taoiseach Jack Lynch on the causes of the unrest in Derry (October 1968) Their route took them dangerously close to the Bogside, a Catholic stronghold. The Battle of the Bogside started on 12 August 1969, the day of the Apprentice Boys annual march around the Walls of Derry to commemorate the Siege of 1689. The two days of rioting which followed became known as the Battle of the Bogside. Its officers had armoured vehicles and water cannons – but no authorisation to use them – while there was a lack of adequate riot gear. This caused the nationalists to hope for, and the Unionists to fear, an incursion into the Bogside by Irish troops. From RTÉ Archives, an RTÉ News report broadcast August 12th 1969 on the riots in Derry. BBC News: Police use tear gas in Bogside (August 1969) (ISBN-13 978-07455307251) London 1993. This unrest stretched the RUC critically thin. Lynch’s comments raised the ire of Loyalists, who considered any interference or commentary from the Republic as provocative. The History of Ulster by Jonathan Bardon. The British were warmly welcomed at first. But this spirit of hope did not last long. Peoples Democracy march of 1st January 1969, Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association, Saint Palladius – First Bishop of Ireland, How To Make A Hot Toddy (Irish Whiskey Punch), The Road to Bloody Sunday by Dr. Raymond McClean. In August 1969 around 12,000 Protestant Apprentice Boys marched dangerously close to Bogside. Britain’s Home Secretary promises reforms in Northern Ireland (August 1969) Within hours a company of the Prince of Wales Own Regiment entered the city separating the warring sides. On the thirteenth, the battle became deadly serious. Police reinforcements were sent in from all over the north but to no avail. Herzlich Willkommen hier bei uns. However, this time things were different. Critically it was the event that brought the British Army onto the streets of the north. They also rejected Northern Ireland prime minister Terence O’Neill’s political reforms and housing allocation concessions, floated in 1968. Battle of the Bogside changed Northern Ireland forever Fifty years ago today, Northern Ireland descended into the Troubles when the three-day Battle of the Bogside began. Many RUC officers ended up fighting hand-to-hand with Catholic rioters. The page Battle of the Bogside, along with other pages relating to The Troubles, Irish Nationalism and British Nationalism in relation to Ireland, is currently subject to active arbitration remedies, as laid out during a 2007 Arbitration case, and amended most recently in … War in an Irish Town by Eamonn McCann. The August 1969 Battle of the Bogside was a three-day riot in the city which saw the people of the Bogside area erect barricades to prevent the RUC entering. Within a few hours, the violence spread elsewhere and Northern Ireland was ablaze with rioting. In anticipation of a confrontation taking place, local republicans decided to form the Derry Citizens Defence Association (DCDA) with the intention of maintaining peace and defending the Catholic areas of the city, particularly the Bogside which was the usual target of the RUC. The battle which seceded the Bogside from British Rule. What this was intended to achieve is unclear. The actions of the Bogside residents were co-ordinated to some extent. British troops entered Derry on August 14th and Belfast the following day. After two days of rioting and violence, Stormont requested military support from London. The battle of the bogside occurred in Derry in 1969 when the people took a stand against sectarianism. Rob Sewell explains why only the fight for a Socialist United Ireland can bring an end to sectarianism. It is reckoned that approximately 350 RUC men were wounded to some extent during the riots, of the residents there are no figures as many went over the border for treatment. The Battle of the Bogside, as it subsequently became known, was underway. A joint communique on reforms in Northern Ireland (March 1969) These officers were followed by a small but hostile group of Loyalists who had broken away from the Apprentice Boys’ march. The Battle of Bogside will go down in Irish History as a victory for the ordinary people of Bogside, who after the battle declared the Bogside area as "Free Derry". The ‘Battle of the Bogside’ is a name given to violence and rioting that erupted in Derry in the summer of 1969. 1. As the situation intensified, marchers began throwing pennies, a contemptuous gesture intended to mock Catholic poverty. Lynch condemned the RUC as partisan and dangerous and called for intervention by the United Nations. During the ‘parading season’, which runs from early June until mid-July, these groups organise and conduct hundreds of parades across the Six Counties. NICRA’s decision to conduct marches and protests in late 1968 and early 1969, in defiance of government bans, caused growing unease between Nationalists and Unionists. Riots, destruction and gunfighting also erupted in other parts of Belfast, as well as Dungannon, Dungiven, Coalisland, Newry, Strabane, Armagh and Crossmaglen. La bataille du Bogside est le nom donné à trois jours d'émeutes opposant la population catholique du Bogside à la police royale de l'Ulster (RUC), à Derry en Irlande du Nord, entre le 12 et le 14 août 1969. The emergence of the civil rights movement had exposed injustice, inequality and discrimination against Northern Ireland’s Catholic communities. Some believed the British Army’s strong but temporary presence would arrest the violence and protect Catholics from Loyalist persecution. “BATTLE OF THE BOGSIDE” (2004): Producer/ Director: Feature documentary on the 3-days of riots in Derry, Northern Ireland that led to the deployment of British Troops into Derry in August 1969. This violence peaked in mid-August and led to Operation Banner, the deployment of British soldiers in Northern Ireland. One company of RUC officers entered the Bogside and attempted to dismantle a barricade on Rossville Street. Again in July, the Orange Order decided to walk through the Catholic village of Dungiven and during the inevitable rioting the RUC brutally beat Francis McCloskey, a 67-year-old Catholic resident of the village so badly that he too died of his injuries. While the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) focused on the advancement of civil rights, many Unionists accused NICRA of being a front for Catholic and Republican groups. The Battle of the Bogside that saw Army deployed. In the Republic of Ireland, Taoiseach Jack Lynch described the situation as dire. 2. Irish taoiseach Jack Lynch condemns violence in Northern Ireland (August 1969) The Orange Order’s refusal to change the route of the march – and the Catholic community’s refusal to tolerate it – leads to tension, unrest and conflict almost every July. Local youths climbed onto the roof o… No one behind the Bogside barricades was waiting for Westminster to act. This was an act of pouring petrol on the fire. In the first months of 1970, the Army participated in anti-rioting operations alongside the RUC. The Battle of the Bogside refers to several days of violence and rioting. A petrol station on the edge of the Bogside had been “liberated” and the production of petrol bombs - Molotov cocktails was on an industrial scale. Derry. The Battle of the Bogside in August 1969 led to the deployment of the British army to Northern Ireland and the start of what became known as the Troubles. 3. The government openly supported the so-called loyal institutions when they demanded the right to parade through towns and villages where the population was overwhelmingly Catholic whilst at the same time it ordered the  Royal Ulster Constabulary to robustly put an end to demonstrations for civil rights and social reform. On August 13th, around 1,500 Nationalists marched along Springfield Road while a small group, possibly made up of IRA volunteers and youth members, attacked an RUC station with petrol bombs. Two men were wounded. In itself, the battle of the Bogside did not make ‘the Troubles’ inevitable, in that the British still had room to manoeuvre. It began in Bogside, a Catholic area of Derry in the city’s west and just outside the city walls. The British Army was deployed in Northern Ireland on August 14th under Operation Banner. Authors: Rebekah Poole, Jennifer Llewellyn The Battle of the Bogside could rightfully claim to be first significant event of the 25 years of conflict in Ireland from 1969 to 1994. On the main, they were welcomed by the nationalists. The fighting was between residents of the Bogside area and the Royal Ulster Constabulary. These marches were a flashpoint for sectarian violence, particularly in the summer of 1969 when tensions were already near boiling point. The Divine Comedy is one of Ireland’s most respected indie-pop bands. London.1989. Trouble has usually arisen when these marches approach or pass through Catholic strongholds. On August 12th 1969, around 15,000 Apprentice Boys, a Derry-based Protestant group, ignored police warnings and marched through the city. The actions of the Bogside residents were co-ordinated to some extent. Modern Ireland 1600-1972 by R.F. Date accessed: April 09, 2021 The photo was taken during what became known as the Battle of the Bogside, three days of rioting in August 1969 when the people of the Bogside erected barricades to … At 5.15pm on 14 August 1969, British troops were sent onto the streets of Northern Ireland. The inevitable did happen when loyalists and nationalist youths exchanged insults and then stones at Waterloo Place. Neuware - The Battle of the Bogside was a very large communal riot that took place in Derry, Northern Ireland during 12 August 1969. The majority of marches are conducted by Loyalist and Protestant groups like the Orange Order, the Apprentice Boys of Derry and the Royal Black Institution. They culminate in marches on July 12th to commemorate the Battle of the Boyne (1690). In Belfast, Orange pogromists attacked the Catholic Bombay Street district burning homes and displacing over 1,500 people. Pádraig is a fluent Irish speaker with a passion for history, traditional music, and story telling. Foster. They also set up “Radio Free Derry.” Many local people, however, joined in the rioting on their own initiative and impromptu leaders also emerged, such as Bernadette Devlin, Eamonn McCannand others. 1h | Documentary | 24 March 2004 (UK) Feature documentary on the 3-days of riots in Derry, Northern Ireland that led to the deployment of British Troops into Derry in … Proceeds from this album will go towards constructing a hall to facilitate an ever increasing membership of the Bogside Republican Movement. URL: https://alphahistory.com/northernireland/battle-of-the-bogside/ The Derry Citizens Defence Association set up a headquarters in the house of Paddy Doherty in Westland Street and tried to supervise the making of petrol bombs and the positioning of barricades. Bernadette Devlin on the Loyalist ambush at Burntollet (January 1969) Though criticised by some as triumphalist and provocative, most Loyalist marches pass without serious incident. The Blackstaff Press. Citation information This force was hated by the nationalists of all hues. This sectarian police force needed no prompting and in April of 1969, some of its members entered the home of Derry man Sammy Devenny, trashing it and savagely beating Devenny and his daughters so badly that Devenny never recovered from his injuries and died on 17th July. Many people and activist groups immediately joined the new association. Battle of the Bogside. Nationalist suspicions increased further when a People’s Democracy awareness march (January 1969) was violently ambushed by Unionists near Burntollet, the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) doing little to protect the marchers.

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